Oral Presentation Abstracts - Technology

OCT: Spectral Domain Versus Time Domain: The Future of Ophthalmic Healthcare
By Angelica V. Delgado, St. John’s University

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an ophthalmic device that provides high resolution of retinal imaging for the aid in early detection, diagnosis and management of ocular diseases (2).Ocular diseases, such as glaucoma, cataract, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa. There are two types of OCT: the time domain (TD-OCT) and spectral domain (SD-OCT). The time domain, the original version of the OCT, is commonly used in optometric and ophthalmic settings, to detect and prevent vision loss. The SD-OCT delivers higher speed, higher sensitivity and higher resolution. However, physicians question the practically and the cost of this new technology. To compare and study the SD-OCT, the Topcon 3D OCT-1000, one out of seven manufacturer’s of the SD-OCT, was investigated. In this study, over forty patients were examined; providing B-scans of both right and left eyes and studied through images of fluorescein angiography, 2D and 3D retinal thickness map. Although the TD-OCT has greater database and is able to properly diagnosis patients, the SD-OCT provides better image quality. The images taken from the 3D OCT-1000 is able to detect unsuspected findings not normally found under the TD-OCT, such as the Bergmeister's papillae. Overall our findings suggest that the SD-OCT offers better patient care because of the advance image quality and mapping performed, enabling physicians to accurately diagnosis patients. Further investigation and hands on experience needs to be performed in order to accurately assess the importance that the SD-OCT may have in ophthalmic settings, possibly determining causes of certain ocular diseases, thus preventing vision loss.

The KICDAR
By Ariel Khaimov, Queensborough Community College, CUNY

In accordance to privacy act an academic freedom a device was required to limit monitoring of instructional faculty under control of the class instructor. The college asked the Technology Department to build a circuit that would shut off the cameras in those classrooms. After my Professor/Instructor Jerry Sitbon built a circuit using the technology in our school and with the milling machine producing those PCB boards in our school which help saved hundreds if not thousands of dollars. As an Summer Intern in my college I was assigned to built these eighteen of these keypad/ timer circuits known as the Kicdar. It took me about 6 months to build the two different circuits but with a few hours a week of work. It was a great Experience I learn how to solder, learn how the components work inside this circuit, how to troubleshoot the circuits which weren’t working and at top of that all get a hands on experience.

This system is a simple circuit that will be used to control the cameras. The two circuits the keypad and the timer both work together and help each other by feeding voltage to one another. The timer circuit is connected to a cat 5 cable which is then connected to the cameras. When the code is punched in, the Normally Closed relay turns off the cameras. Depending on how big the capacitor the longer the camera will be off. We can also change the frequency from 40Hz to 80 Hz to increase the time. After approximated 42 minutes the relay resets itself and turns on the cameras again.

This code lock may be used to switch an alarm on and off, or to open a door lock. An LED on the operating panel indicates the position of the 'lock'. The code is easy to define. Because the operation panel is completely enclosed, it may be used inside and outside the house.

The keypad circuit works when about 9 to 15 volts are apply and the code is punched in. Once the code is punched in the relay turns on and the LED turns on indicating that the circuit is working.

The first thing you need to know about Relays is that a relay contact is a switch. It does not provide power; it simply opens and closes an electrical circuit, just like the light switch on a wall. When the relay is de-energized or turned off there is an electrical connection between Normally Closed and Common. In the off state there is no connection between Normally Open and common. When the relay is energized or turned on the Normally Open and Common makes an electrical connection, and the electrical connection between Normally Common and Common is removed.

A bilateral switch uses a special CMOS circuit called a transmission gate. The circuit behaves as a SPST (single pole/single throw) switch which is under electronic control. When the control signal, or enable, is HIGH, the switch is closed, allowing signals to be transferred between the switch terminals. The switch is 'bilateral' because either terminal can be used as the input. In other words, current flow can be in either direction.